https://learncybers.com Practical tutorials on Linux, security, development and spreadsheets. en https://learncybers.com/build-client-side-developer-toolkit-tutorial/ https://learncybers.com/build-client-side-developer-toolkit-tutorial/ Most small web tools upload whatever you paste to a server you know nothing about, and most of that paste is a production token. The browser can do all of it locally now — and a CSP lets you prove it rather than claim it. Fri, 02 Oct 2026 12:00:00 GMT Development https://learncybers.com/cybersecurity-interview-questions-2026/ https://learncybers.com/cybersecurity-interview-questions-2026/ Lists of fifty questions with model answers optimise for the wrong thing. Interviewers are working out how you think, where your knowledge stops, and whether you will say so when it does. Fri, 02 Oct 2026 09:00:00 GMT Career & Education https://learncybers.com/automate-excel-reports-python-openpyxl-tutorial/ https://learncybers.com/automate-excel-reports-python-openpyxl-tutorial/ Python-generated reports look generated because they were built from nothing. Open a workbook someone designed and fill it instead — and learn the one flag that silently turns every formula in a file into a static number. Thu, 01 Oct 2026 18:00:00 GMT Business & Productivity https://learncybers.com/comptia-security-plus-study-guide-2026/ https://learncybers.com/comptia-security-plus-study-guide-2026/ Almost everyone studies for this wrong — a course start to finish, port numbers memorised, then an exam that asks for judgement on scenarios. Here is where the marks are and the one tactic that decides whether you finish in time. Thu, 01 Oct 2026 15:00:00 GMT Career & Education https://learncybers.com/automate-security-audits-python-scripts/ https://learncybers.com/automate-security-audits-python-scripts/ A scanner finds vulnerabilities better than any script you will write. What no vendor knows is what your estate is supposed to look like — so automate change detection, and let git be the diffing engine. Thu, 01 Oct 2026 09:00:00 GMT Cyber Security https://learncybers.com/deploy-static-site-aws-s3-cloudfront-guide/ https://learncybers.com/deploy-static-site-aws-s3-cloudfront-guide/ Two S3 endpoints, two behaviours, and most guides pick one without saying which. One gives you working directory URLs and a public bucket; the other gives you a private bucket and a 403 on every folder path. Wed, 30 Sep 2026 18:00:00 GMT DevOps & Cloud https://learncybers.com/python-web-scraping-osint-ethical-intelligence/ https://learncybers.com/python-web-scraping-osint-ethical-intelligence/ The parsing is the short part. What decides whether your collection is usable is which rung of the access ladder you took, what you did with personal data afterwards, and whether you can still say where each fact came from. Wed, 30 Sep 2026 15:00:00 GMT Cyber Security https://learncybers.com/verifying-ai-generated-tests-practical-guide/ https://learncybers.com/verifying-ai-generated-tests-practical-guide/ Passing tests, rising coverage and a green badge all measure the same thing — that the code ran. None of them tell you anything was checked. Here is how to find the tests that defend nothing. Wed, 30 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT Development https://learncybers.com/write-first-linux-kernel-module-2026-tutorial/ https://learncybers.com/write-first-linux-kernel-module-2026-tutorial/ The C is twenty lines. Getting it to load on a machine bought in the last few years is the hard part, and Secure Boot is the reason — an error that says nothing about signing. Wed, 30 Sep 2026 09:00:00 GMT Linux & Systems https://learncybers.com/mutation-testing-ai-generated-python-mutmut-guide/ https://learncybers.com/mutation-testing-ai-generated-python-mutmut-guide/ Coverage says a line ran. Mutation testing says whether anything would notice if that line were wrong. The idea takes a sentence; making it finish before you lose interest takes a plan. Tue, 29 Sep 2026 15:00:00 GMT Development https://learncybers.com/best-vpn-to-watch-region-free-youtube-tv-in-2019/ https://learncybers.com/best-vpn-to-watch-region-free-youtube-tv-in-2019/ A VPN is excellent against two adversaries, barely useful against a third and irrelevant against the rest. Work out which row you are in, learn what a no-logs claim is worth without an audit, and test the result yourself in ten minutes. Tue, 29 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT Cyber Security https://learncybers.com/how-to-make-your-home-more-secure-in-2023/ https://learncybers.com/how-to-make-your-home-more-secure-in-2023/ Nobody is finding your camera by your IP address. They are finding it because UPnP opened a port, or because a password was reused. Turn off the first, fix the second, and put everything else on its own network. Mon, 28 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT Cyber Security https://learncybers.com/oscp-vs-ceh-certification-comparison-2026/ https://learncybers.com/oscp-vs-ceh-certification-comparison-2026/ CEH gets a CV past a filter. OSCP convinces the person running the technical interview. Which one is worth six months of your evenings depends entirely on which gate is actually in front of you. Sun, 27 Sep 2026 18:00:00 GMT Career & Education https://learncybers.com/cloudfront-vs-cloudflare-cdn-comparison-2026/ https://learncybers.com/cloudfront-vs-cloudflare-cdn-comparison-2026/ CloudFront meters delivery and gives you free origin egress from AWS. Cloudflare does not meter delivery but your S3 bucket still bills you on every cache miss. Which one wins comes down to a number most people have never measured. Sun, 27 Sep 2026 15:00:00 GMT DevOps & Cloud https://learncybers.com/nextjs-security-best-practices-middleware-csp/ https://learncybers.com/nextjs-security-best-practices-middleware-csp/ Middleware is not an authorisation boundary — CVE-2025-29927 proved it with one header. Where to put the check so a page, a route handler and a Server Action are all covered, what leaks into the RSC payload, and the CSP choice that costs you static rendering. Sun, 27 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT Cyber Security https://learncybers.com/linux-kernel-module-debugging-printk-ftrace/ https://learncybers.com/linux-kernel-module-debugging-printk-ftrace/ printk is the tool most likely to hide the bug you are chasing. Dynamic debug switches instrumentation on per line at runtime with no rebuild, ftrace shows what actually ran, and faddr2line turns an oops into a source line. Sun, 27 Sep 2026 09:00:00 GMT Linux & Systems https://learncybers.com/nginx-rate-limiting-ddos-brute-force-protection/ https://learncybers.com/nginx-rate-limiting-ddos-brute-force-protection/ The directives are the easy part. Behind a CDN, the usual configuration rate-limits the proxy and throttles every visitor as one. Here is the leaky bucket explained, burst and delay tuned properly, and real_ip set up safely. Sat, 26 Sep 2026 15:00:00 GMT Linux & Systems https://learncybers.com/docker-container-security-checklist/ https://learncybers.com/docker-container-security-checklist/ A default docker run gives you root, a writable filesystem, most capabilities and no resource ceiling. Here is every hardening flag worth applying — with the four that block host compromise separated from the sixteen that are ordinary hardening. Sat, 26 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT DevOps & Cloud https://learncybers.com/wifi-7-vs-wifi-6-6e/ https://learncybers.com/wifi-7-vs-wifi-6-6e/ Wi-Fi 7's headline 46 Gbps is unreachable and beside the point. Multi-Link Operation is the real upgrade, 320 MHz channels are regionally constrained, and Wi-Fi 8 certification is a 2028 matter. Sat, 26 Sep 2026 09:00:00 GMT Networking https://learncybers.com/git-hooks-security-prevent-secrets-committed/ https://learncybers.com/git-hooks-security-prevent-secrets-committed/ A local hook is bypassed by --no-verify, lives outside the clone, and never sees a web commit. Set it up anyway, then put the real enforcement in CI and push protection — and rotate before you rewrite history. Sat, 26 Sep 2026 09:00:00 GMT Cyber Security https://learncybers.com/nginx-reverse-proxy-complete-guide-ssl/ https://learncybers.com/nginx-reverse-proxy-complete-guide-ssl/ A working reverse proxy config is the easy part. Lost client addresses, buffered streaming, silent WebSocket failures and security headers that vanish on error pages are what actually cost you an afternoon. Fri, 25 Sep 2026 18:00:00 GMT Linux & Systems https://learncybers.com/excel-power-query-beginners-automate-data-cleanup/ https://learncybers.com/excel-power-query-beginners-automate-data-cleanup/ Record your cleanup once and replay it with a click. The transformations that matter, combining a whole folder of files, query folding and why refreshes get slow, and the automatic step you should always delete. Fri, 25 Sep 2026 15:00:00 GMT Business & Productivity https://learncybers.com/docker-compose-vs-kubernetes-decision-framework/ https://learncybers.com/docker-compose-vs-kubernetes-decision-framework/ One machine or many — everything else follows from that. The honest operational cost of Kubernetes, the middle options most comparisons skip, and the symptoms that mean you have genuinely outgrown Compose. Fri, 25 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT DevOps & Cloud https://learncybers.com/owasp-top-10-llm-applications-2026-testing-guide/ https://learncybers.com/owasp-top-10-llm-applications-2026-testing-guide/ The 2026 edition landed on 3 August. Excessive Agency jumped from sixth to third, System Prompt Leakage was retired for the broader Hidden Context Exposure, and the ranking is now grounded in real incident data. Every category, with the tests that matter. Fri, 25 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT Cyber Security https://learncybers.com/openclaw-vps-requirements/ https://learncybers.com/openclaw-vps-requirements/ A VPS runs the OpenClaw gateway well and a local model badly, and the reason is memory bandwidth rather than CPU. The arithmetic that predicts tokens per second, and the three configurations worth considering. Fri, 25 Sep 2026 09:00:00 GMT Servers & Hosting https://learncybers.com/git-branching-strategies-compared-gitflow-trunk-github-flow/ https://learncybers.com/git-branching-strategies-compared-gitflow-trunk-github-flow/ GitFlow, GitHub Flow, trunk-based and release trains compared by what they cost, not what they promise — including the note GitFlow's own author added advising web teams to use something simpler. Fri, 25 Sep 2026 09:00:00 GMT Development https://learncybers.com/aws-s3-bucket-security-mistakes-fixes/ https://learncybers.com/aws-s3-bucket-security-mistakes-fixes/ Buckets have been private by default since 2023 and S3 still leaks. What exposes data now is policies written under deadline, cross-account grants with no conditions, and presigned URLs with week-long expiries. Thu, 24 Sep 2026 21:00:00 GMT DevOps & Cloud https://learncybers.com/rootless-docker-containers-without-root/ https://learncybers.com/rootless-docker-containers-without-root/ Access to the Docker socket is functionally root on the host. Rootless mode removes that escalation path using user namespaces — with real limitations around privileged ports, client IP addresses and device access. Thu, 24 Sep 2026 18:00:00 GMT Linux & Systems https://learncybers.com/python-pentesters-build-port-scanner/ https://learncybers.com/python-pentesters-build-port-scanner/ A threaded and an asyncio TCP connect scanner, built from sockets — plus the limits that explain why nmap exists, and why a version banner is never proof of a vulnerability. Authorised targets only. Thu, 24 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT Cyber Security https://learncybers.com/vuejs-2026-complete-guide-modern-development/ https://learncybers.com/vuejs-2026-complete-guide-modern-development/ The Options API is not deprecated, script setup is the real default, Vuex is finished and Vue 2 has had no patches since the end of 2023. A catch-up on what moved, and the reactivity trap that still catches everyone. Wed, 23 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT Development https://learncybers.com/nodejs-vs-php-honest-comparison-2026/ https://learncybers.com/nodejs-vs-php-honest-comparison-2026/ PHP wipes memory after every request; Node keeps one heap alive for all of them. That single difference explains the leaks, the crashes and the bootstrap cost — and worker-mode PHP has now moved the line. Tue, 22 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT Development https://learncybers.com/openclaw-hardware-requirements-local-model/ https://learncybers.com/openclaw-hardware-requirements-local-model/ The model file is the wrong number to budget for. At OpenClaw's default 64K context an 8B model's KV cache is 8 GiB — nearly double its quantised weights. The arithmetic, the documented floors, and the failure modes that appear after the model loads. Sun, 20 Sep 2026 09:00:00 GMT AI & Emerging Tech https://learncybers.com/fix-git-mistakes-reset-revert-rebase-cherry-pick/ https://learncybers.com/fix-git-mistakes-reset-revert-rebase-cherry-pick/ One question settles most Git accidents: has it been pushed? Organised by what went wrong, with the three-trees model that makes reset's three flags obvious and a table of what each command touches. Sun, 20 Sep 2026 09:00:00 GMT Development https://learncybers.com/xlookup-vs-vlookup-complete-migration-guide/ https://learncybers.com/xlookup-vs-vlookup-complete-migration-guide/ Every VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP and INDEX/MATCH pattern converted to XLOOKUP — plus the version requirement that decides whether you can switch, and why lookup-heavy workbooks get slow. Sun, 20 Sep 2026 09:00:00 GMT Business & Productivity https://learncybers.com/best-gpu-for-ai-training/ https://learncybers.com/best-gpu-for-ai-training/ Most GPU buying advice for AI ranks cards by speed. That is the wrong axis: VRAM decides which models you can train at all, and a card that cannot hold your model is infinitely slow. Here is the arithmetic, tier by tier. Sun, 20 Sep 2026 07:00:00 GMT AI & Emerging Tech https://learncybers.com/browser-based-security-tools-private-data/ https://learncybers.com/browser-based-security-tools-private-data/ “Processed in your browser” is a claim about the tool's own code, not about the other scripts on the page. Four checks in order of what they prove — starting with the ten-second offline test that settles it. Sat, 19 Sep 2026 12:00:00 GMT Cyber Security https://learncybers.com/how-ai-agents-get-hacked-tool-chaining-attacks/ https://learncybers.com/how-ai-agents-get-hacked-tool-chaining-attacks/ Two correctly permissioned tools compose into a data breach, and no per-call check ever sees the pair. Why published attack success rates range from 0.5% to 68%, and the four controls a compromised agent cannot argue its way past. Sat, 19 Sep 2026 04:00:00 GMT AI & Emerging Tech https://learncybers.com/how-to-set-up-secure-nginx-server-blocks-on-ubuntu-22-04/ https://learncybers.com/how-to-set-up-secure-nginx-server-blocks-on-ubuntu-22-04/ NGINX Server Nginx, a popular open-source web server, excels at handling high traffic websites efficiently. One of its powerful features is the ability to host multiple websites on a single server using server blocks. This allows you to manage different domains or applications on the same machine, m Sat, 27 Apr 2024 19:12:06 GMT Linux & Systems https://learncybers.com/the-web-server-showdown-nginx-vs-apache-litespeed-caddy-and-beyond/ https://learncybers.com/the-web-server-showdown-nginx-vs-apache-litespeed-caddy-and-beyond/ In the realm of web hosting, choosing the right web server is paramount. It acts as the gatekeeper, efficiently delivering content to website visitors and impacting factors like speed, security, and scalability. This article dives deep into the strengths and weaknesses of popular web server options: Sat, 27 Apr 2024 19:11:13 GMT Linux & Systems https://learncybers.com/cyber-attack-statistics-identifying-vulnerabilities-and-strengthening-defenses/ https://learncybers.com/cyber-attack-statistics-identifying-vulnerabilities-and-strengthening-defenses/ Cyber attacks are becoming more frequent, complex, and damaging. They can disrupt critical operations and damage infrastructure, including e-commerce and financial services. Hackers can also steal data and sell it on the Dark Web. This data can be used to identify users and compromise their security Thu, 01 Feb 2024 10:36:32 GMT Cyber Security